Estimation of Crop Water Requirement Using Field Water Balance and Soil Moisture Data
摘要
The knowledge of crop water requirements (CWR) is very crucial in the area of irrigated agriculture. This knowledge is also helpful in increasing water use efficiency, which is extremely low in India at present. The primary cause of significantly low water use efficiency is the excessive irrigation employed by farmers in the fields. A field experiment was conducted during the 2021–2022 wheat crop season at the Water Management Field Laboratory of Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, India. The experiment consisted of a plot with four replications. The irrigation applied to the plot was based on the irrigation thumb rules used by the local farmers. The irrigation was applied using the flood irrigation method with similar arrangements as the local farmers in the region. The soil moisture was measured with the help of a profile probe at regular intervals. The aim of the study was to estimate deep percolation (DP) and CWR. The DP in the study was estimated based on the soil moisture deficit and the irrigation and rainfall received by the plots. The total DP for all four replications was 124.4 mm, 119.1 mm, 115.4 mm, and 82.9 mm, respectively, and 38%, 41%, 28%, and 27% of the applied irrigation and rainfall. The CWR was estimated using the field water balance and soil moisture depletion methods. The CWR estimated from these two methods was compared with the crop ET estimated through the FAO-56 method (crop ET). The values of CWR using field water balance and soil moisture depletion were well correlated with crop ET. The values of R2 between CWR using field water balance and crop ET for all four replications were 0.93, 0.96, 0.98, and 0.98, respectively. The values of R2 between CWR using soil moisture depletion and crop ET for all four replications were 0.96, 0.86, 0.85, and 0.95, respectively.