This chapter will provide a detailed overview of MXenes as promising two-dimensional nanomaterials for cutting-edge biomedical applications. Its intrinsic properties, the classification of the different types of MXenes, and the synthesis strategies employed in their production will be explored. Furthermore, the potential of MXenes for drug delivery will be examined in detail, with a specific focus on cancer therapy using the compound doxorubicin hydrochloride. The scope of this chapter will extend beyond a mere superficial description, delving into the nuances of doxorubicin hydrochloride-based cancer therapy, with particular emphasis on the results and perspectives emerging from this approach. The inherent photothermal properties of MXenes and heterostructures derived from this nanomaterial will also be explored, unravelling their implications and potential applications in biomedical research and advanced therapy. This will provide an overview of the contribution of MXenes in the current scientific landscape, contextualizing their relevance in terms of synthesis and fundamental properties, as well as their therapeutic potential in the specific field of oncology and as an antibacterial agent, essential in wound healing. In this way, it aims to provide the reader with a broad and detailed understanding, backed by scientific research and critical evaluation of the available specialized literature, covering both recent and relevant contributions over time.