Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Thermal Management for Li-Ion Battery Pack Using NTGK Model
摘要
Thermal management of lithium-ion battery packs is very critical for safe operation and longer battery life. The heat generation from a battery cell is a function of ambient temperature, depth of discharge (DOD), and charge/discharge rates. It is very crucial to accurately predict the heat generation rate and in turn cell temperature at various operating conditions. In the present work, heat generation rate and temperature for a 20Ah lithium-ion battery cell are predicted using an electrochemical model based on NTGK formulation. The battery pack consists of two cells sandwiched between three liquid cooling plates. The cooling plates consist of three liquid cooling channels each of 3 × 4 mm cross-section. The thermal performance of the pack is evaluated for multiple operating conditions. The parametric study is aimed to achieve the max cell temperature of < = 42 °C and max temperature difference (across the cells) of < = 5 °C. The C-rates varied between 1 and 5C and the ambient (and coolant inlet) temperature varied between 25 and 40 °C (as per normal Indian climatic conditions). The coolant velocity required to keep max temperature below 42 °C is evaluated. Except for max C-rate and max ambient temperature used here, it was possible to achieve the target by varying the coolant flow rate from 0.01 to 0.10 m/s. An operational matrix showing the required coolant flow rate for different operating conditions is prepared.