Role of Anti-hypertensive Agents in Cardiovascular Disorders

Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular complications, and its prevalence continues to rise globally, particularly in Asia. Factors such as aging, unhealthy lifestyles, and stress contribute to this growing issue. Hypertension significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular events and can lead to conditions like retinopathy, cognitive impairment, and vascular stiffness. Proper management and adherence to anti-hypertensive medications, including Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), are crucial for controlling blood pressure and reducing the risk of complications like stroke, heart failure, and renal dysfunction. Despite their efficacy, patient adherence remains a challenge, which impacts the success of hypertension management. ACE inhibitors and ARBs, by targeting the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), play a key role in preventing cardiovascular events and improving outcomes, including slowing the progression of heart failure and protecting renal function. This chapter provides an in-depth understanding of the roles of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in managing hypertension and cardiovascular complications.