Recent Trends in Management of Hypertension Through RAAS Inhibition

Cardiovascular diseases account for over 17 million deaths annually, with hypertension-related complications causing 9.4 million deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis and management of hypertension can reduce the need for costly treatments like cardiac surgery and dialysis. While lifestyle changes, such as exercise and dietary modifications, play a role in management, most patients will eventually require antihypertensive medications. Several drug classes, including ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics, and calcium channel blockers, are commonly used in treatment. ACE inhibitors and ARBs, recommended as first-line therapies, have shown efficacy in blood pressure control, but comparisons between the two remain inconclusive. Emerging therapies are being explored to address hypertension, with several in advanced clinical trials. Despite these advances, the prevalence of hypertension remains high globally.