Sri Lanka is a tropical island prone to multi-hazards due to its diversity in eco-geological and socio-economic settings. The application of legal and policy instruments for disaster management has emerged as a noteworthy development in the recent legal history of the country. Good practices and guidelines existed that principally focused on community preparedness and relief in disasters. Conversely, the Indian Ocean Tsunami disaster in 2004 which caused massive suffering and losses in Sri Lanka was a landmark event that led to the enactment of the Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act of 2005, which gave rise to the formal establishment of disaster management institutions, disaster management plans, and policies. With the development of understanding of disaster risk and vulnerability, the paradigm shifted to develop frameworks to cover all aspects of disaster management, from preparedness to mitigation, response, and recovery. This chapter describes the legal and policy framework for disaster management and mandates to key institutions for policy and capacity development at different levels. It reviews the resources, plans, and strategies used to manage different risk, factors including climate change and unsustainable development. The chapter concludes with suggestions for further development of policy and law that aim to strengthen disaster risk reduction and build community resilience.