Bat roosts are on the decline in and around cities and towns in India. Bats are emigrating towards rural areas feeding mostly on cultivated lands and orchards for food. While feeding, bats may cause economic losses to cultivators. This has made farmers repel this group of animals. Bats play a vital role in the ecology of forests, seed dispersal, regeneration and pollination. Roosting behaviour in urban and rural areas poses different challenges for this group of animals. Bats, especially the frugivorous ones, are adapting to new situations. Conventionally, bat roosts are protected by public sentiments. Certain modern tools and techniques are provided for studying bats.