Ubiquitination in the T Cell Metabolism-Based Immunotherapy in Diseases

Metabolism refers to the exchange of matter and energy between the organism and the environment and the self-renewal process of matter and energy in the organism. Metabolic activities in cells provide them with energy and various substrates required for development. Naive T cells differentiate into effector T cells and memory T cells after activation, and this process is accompanied by reprogramming of metabolism-related gene expression. These metabolic changes reflect physiological changes in different stages of T cell activation and differentiation. An increasing number of studies have shown that many autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation are accompanied by disorders and imbalances in T cell metabolism. To treat these diseases, related drugs can be used to regulate T cell activation, differentiation, and function. Therefore, T cell metabolism can serve as a new potential target for regulating immune responses.