Development of Numerical Simulation Method for Analyzing the Refreezing Process of Ice Dust Irradiated by Cosmic Rays

This paper introduces a numerical simulation approach to investigate the refreezing dynamics of the ice mantle of interstellar dust particle exposed to cosmic radiation. Using the binary collision approximation method, we estimate the energy transfer of cosmic rays in ice dust, revealing energy peaks at 100 keV for protons and 1 MeV for α particles. Subsequently, employing phase field modeling, we estimate the refreezing time scale, finding it to be approximately 1 μs. These findings enhance our understanding of the complex interactions between cosmic radiation and ice dust, shedding light on fundamental processes in the origin of amino acids related to the fabric of terrestrial life’s beginnings.