The human-centric construction industry lacks awareness of Self-Esteem (SE) and Psychological Well-Being (PWB) among the people. The study aims to identify the factors that affect the SE and the PWB of the professionals and to rank the factors using Relative Importance Index (RII). The study adopted a mixed-method approach. Qualitative analysis is performed by conducting expert interviews to identify the factors affecting SE and the PWB. A quantitative analysis identifies the factors’ Relative Importance Index (RII) from the collected data. The results showed that social factors make the highest impact on the SE and PWB of the professionals, followed by personal factors. Among the factors, financial factors have the least impact on the SE and PWB of the professionals. Most prior studies on SE and PWB were conducted in fields other than the construction industry. A few studies were conducted among the workers in the construction industry and this is the first study conducted among the construction professionals in the Indian context. The study results were based only on the perspectives of the construction professionals in Chennai, India. The results may vary if the study is extended to other parts of India.