Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Au-NPs on Plant

The application of gold nanoparticles in several domains, such as agriculture, has garnered considerable interest recently. This chapter thoroughly examines the dual influence of gold nanoparticles on plants, investigating their advantageous and detrimental effects. Gold nanoparticles have been observed to positively impact plant growth by promoting seed germination, enhancing nutrient uptake, and stimulating overall plant development. These nanoparticles can potentially be used as nanocarriers to deliver agrochemicals to specific targets, promoting sustainable and efficient agricultural practices. Nevertheless, in addition to their anticipated advantages, the chapter examines the possible disadvantages and adverse effects of gold nanoparticles on plant physiology. Investigations have uncovered cases where nanoparticles have caused oxidative stress, changes in gene expression, and disturbances in biological functions. To effectively utilize the beneficial properties of gold nanoparticles in plant systems and minimize any potential hazards, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions between them. The chapter provides an overview of recent research findings, the methodology used to evaluate the impacts of gold nanoparticles on plants, and the current understanding of their ecological consequences. Furthermore, it explores methods for enhancing the effectiveness of gold nanoparticle usage in agriculture, aiming to achieve the most significant advantages while minimizing any negative environmental impact.