Analysis on Energy Consumption Characteristics, Carbon Reduction and Energy Conservation Potential of “One Source for Multi-uses” in Facility Vegetable Agriculture

In response to the problem of excessive fuel consumption of traditional agricultural machinery and unclear potential and benefits of electric agricultural machinery substitution in the process of facility vegetable cultivation, an analysis of the fuel consumption characteristics of facility vegetable agricultural machinery is carried out. The equivalent electricity demand formula of agricultural machinery is used to convert the electricity required by electric agricultural machinery, and then the contribution of electric agricultural machinery with multiple sources to carbon reduction and energy conservation in the power grid is predicted. The results show that the facility greenhouse is mainly powered by devices such as roller shutters and temperature controllers (with a constant temperature of about 25 ℃ and humidity of 76%), with an average monthly power consumption of 200 kWh/acre. Close to the municipal power grid, the basic conditions for electrification transformation are good. Generally, photovoltaic energy supply accounts for about 30%, wind energy accounts for about 70%, and battery energy storage accounts for about 60% in wind and solar complementary greenhouses; The predicted contribution rates of different usage levels (0, 25%, 75%, 100%) of electric tractors to carbon reduction are 0, 20%, 61%, and 81%, respectively; Equivalent power consumption is approximately 45 kW \( \cdot \) h/hm2, Reduce carbon emissions by 12 kg/hm2(CO2), small and medium-sized greenhouses can reduce agricultural machinery carbon emissions by about 2464 tons (CO2), save electricity by 9.24 × 106 kW \( \cdot \) h, or the electricity needed for 165 ventilation equipment to ventilate simultaneously all day, or the electricity needed for 5500 street lights to illuminate at night, or the electricity demand for 11 duty rooms throughout the year.