Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Fuel Consumption of Tractor Operating System in Northern China

At present, China's agricultural machinery is transforming to green, and actively promoting the realization of the dual carbon goal of the agricultural system. In view of the lack of systematic guidance on tractor fuel consumption in China, the unclear spatial and temporal distribution of fuel consumption in tractor operating systems, and the insufficient design to support the endurance of new energy agricultural machinery, the fuel consumption data of tractor ploughing and large-load operation in northern China/field management with small load operation period were investigated, and the fuel consumption time characteristics were analyzed on a monthly basis and the spatial characteristics of fuel consumption were analyzed on a regional basis. The results show that the tractor work includes ploughing, sowing, suppression, managing, subsoiling, land preparation, transfer and other links, throughout the agricultural operation throughout the year, a single fuel consumption has the characteristics of “concave”, in the ploughing and subsoiling links with large loads and other links in the peak of the wave, in the small load of the link fuel consumption in the peak valley. According to the survey data, the average fuel consumption per mu of large tractors is about 8L, and the work efficiency is about 15 mu/day (medium tractors are about 6 mu/day), assuming that they work 28 days per month. In the Northeast and Central Plains, the fuel consumption of high-power tractor is similar, with a peak value of about 3300L/unit/month and a valley value of about 1200 L/unit/month; In the Northeast and the Central Plains, the peak fuel consumption of high-power tractor is similar, about 1100 L/unit/month, and the valley value is slightly different, about 600–800 L/unit/month; The number of main working months is about 5 months.