Chapter Four focuses on the staging and chronology of archaeological cultures in southern Liaodong. It is pointed out that the Laotieshan stone-lined tombs belong to Phase I of the Shuangtuozi culture, a bronze culture dating to the early stage of the Xia period. Phase II of the Shuangtuozi culture is not a local variant of the Yueshi culture, but an indigenous culture strongly influenced by the Yueshi culture of the Shandong Peninsula. From a typological perspective, the Shuangfang culture is divided into three phases (early, middle, and late) for the first time. Based on pottery comparisons, the Shuangfang culture is considered to have developed from Phases I, II, and III of the Shuangtuozi culture. The bronze short swords with pillar-shaped ridges of the Shuangfang culture have been reclassified into eight distinct styles; through correlation with associated pottery, their casting dates are determined to range from the early Western Zhou period to the late Warring States period. The four archaeological cultural assemblages in this region are divided into seven chronological stages: the initial stage of the Xia period (Phase I of the Shuangtuozi culture), the early Xia to the early Shang period (Phase II of the Shuangtuozi culture), the early stage of the late Shang period (the early period of Phase III of the Shuangtuozi culture), the late stage of the late Shang period (the late period of Phase III of the Shuangtuozi culture), the Western Zhou period (the early Shuangfang culture), the Spring and Autumn period (the middle Shuangfang culture), and the Warring States period (the late Shuangfang culture)