Over the past decade, significant advancements and growth have been observed within the scientific field across various domains of Nano research. Zirconia NPs garnered significant interest across various disciplines owing to their diverse array of uses. Zirconia (ZrO2) is a ceramic compound composed of the transition metal zirconium. Due to their effective curative biomedical domains, zirconium nanoparticles are used in tissue engineering, antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant medication. Zirconium oxide is a metal oxide that exhibits the characteristics of economic feasibility, nonhazardous properties, and sustainability, hence providing a wide range of prospective uses. The ZrO2 nanocomposite demonstrates a notable capacity for biosensing, particularly in the detection of glucose and other living entities, displaying a high level of sensitivity. This review article encompasses an examination of the biological applications of nanoparticles based on zirconia.