In the field of modern dentistry, dental implants have emerged as transformative solutions for tooth loss, effectively restoring oral health and aesthetics. This comprehensive review delves into the multidisciplinary realm of dental implant mechanical engineering, geometric modeling, and finite element analysis (FEA). The review underscores the importance of dental implants in contemporary dentistry, shedding light on their diverse advantages and profound influence on patients’ lives. The major findings from FEA analyses of dental implants are presented, emphasizing the ability of FEA to enable intricate examinations of stress and strain distribution, evaluate the osseointegration process, and optimize implant designs for varying loading conditions. The review further explores the burgeoning trend of patient-specific FEA models, the role of FEA in advancing material science, and the potential integration of machine learning algorithms within this domain. In addition, it delves into the mechanical properties and suitability of materials commonly used in dental implant construction, such as titanium and zirconia. Manufacturing techniques, including machining and additive manufacturing, are discussed for their substantial impact on implant performance. The review illustrates real-world examples of how dental implant mechanical engineering, geometric modeling, and FEA have contributed to enhanced dental implant treatments. Moreover, it addresses the existing challenges and limitations in dental implant mechanical engineering, while also discussing potential future directions and innovations, including advanced materials, 3D printing, and virtual surgery planning. This comprehensive review offers a holistic perspective on the multifaceted aspects of dental implant mechanical engineering, highlighting the evolving landscape of dental implantology and the potential for improved patient outcomes, longevity, and overall satisfaction.