A Comprehensive Review of Sensor and Actuator Fault Detection Methods in Aerospace Systems

The public has long been concerned about the safety of the aerospace system because a single commercial aircraft event can result in a significant number of fatalities. Since unmanned aerial vehicles have gained popularity over the past decade, it is also essential to be optimistic about their dependability and safety. Sensors and actuators play crucial roles in aircraft control systems, and any malfunction can lead to catastrophe. In this paper, we have gathered information on various types of common faults in sensors and actuators in aerospace systems and fault detection and diagnosis techniques with the support of an extensive literature review. Sensor and actuator malfunction detection techniques such as model-based, data-driven, artificial intelligence-based, and signal processing algorithms are evaluated in this work using substantial bibliographical data. Efficiency, fault detection time, false alarm rate, and computing complexities are investigated for the fault detection techniques. The article provides the advantages and disadvantages and recommendations for future improvement of methods suitable for aerospace systems.