The occurrence of hail in many regions across the globe poses a significant threat to property and agriculture, yet most Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models use simplified microphysical schemes that do not explicitly simulate the complex processes involved with hail production. Observations and theoretical research on hail and hailstorms over the past 60+ years have greatly advanced our knowledge of the myriad of factors responsible for hail formation and growth within deep convection, ultimately leading to improvements in hail detection through remote sensing and representation of hail processes in increasingly sophisticated microphysical schemes. This review paper provides an overview of hail and hailstorm characteristics, hail production mechanisms, and examples of various microphysical schemes currently employed by cloud-resolving and mesoscale models for use in hail research. Continued advancements in hail modeling are expected to help improve remote sensing retrievals of hail as well as enhance understanding of potential hail trends in future climate scenarios.