Investigation into the Mechanical, Fatigue and Superplastic Characteristics of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) in Cu–Al–Mn, Cu–Al–Be–Mn, and Cu–Al–Fe–Mn Compositions and Their Composite Variants

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) exhibit high sensitivity to compositional changes in terms of their super elasticity, shape memory effect, and transition temperatures. A deeper comprehension of SMA composition and its impact on mechanical properties can be attained by differential scanning calorimetry. The current study uses experimental work to assess the energy absorption capacity, mean fracture width, residual strength, and cracking strength of samples made of short shape memory alloy (SMA) fibers that are randomly distributed on the specimens tensile side. In this investigation, three samples were synthesized based on the Cu, Al, and Mn proportions found in Cu–Al–Mn shape memory alloys (SMA1, SMA2, and SMA3). Moreover, three samples with different ratios of Cu, Al, Mn, Be, and Fe were synthesized for the shape memory alloys Cu–Al–Be–Mn and Cu–Al–Fe–Mn (SMA2, and SMA3). The synthesized Cu–Al–Mn, Cu–Al–Be–Mn, and Cu–Al–Fe–Mn SMA alloys showed good strain recovery, ranging from 90 to 95%. The martensite that forms and changes when the alloys are heated and quenched mostly controls the strain recovery by the corresponding SMAs. SMA 2 of the Cu–Al–Be–Mn has a greater strain recovery rate, rising by 8.5% and 44.38%, respectively, in comparison to SMA 1 and SMA 3. Cu–Al–Bi–Mn shape memory alloys demonstrated superior super elasticity and martensite stability in comparison to SMA 1 and SMA 2 respectively. SMA 1 and SMA 2 demonstrated greater residual strength, cracking strength, and energy absorption capacity for all fiber volume fractions.