Electric Vehicle Battery Energy Storage System to Regulate Frequency in a Smart Grid

Heavy loading in transmission, frequency deviation may cause severe issues with power reliability. Frequency regulation is the main priority to overcome the severe blackout in the power system. This paper presents the frequency regulation technique in a smart grid. To perform the proposed technique, an isolated deregulated power system having two areas with a thermal-thermal non-reheat unit and a distributed wind energy system is used to illustrate and solve the problem. In the study reported here, efforts were made to envision and realize the frequency fluctuation problem caused by abrupt demand variation and unequal wind output in the smart grid. Under the bilateral market contract, the generators are expected to be operating in automatic generation control (AGC) mode to fulfill the load demand. The system develops under the MATLAB Simulink environment. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. A frequency regulation problem with a local load swing of  + 20% and wind power, which adds sudden load fluctuation, has been examined. AGC-enabled generators are subjected to cyclic and random loads.