Microbiome and Its Impact on Human Health: Microbiome in Various Body Organs and Its Association with Human Health and Disease

The human microbiome is a dynamic area of research that continues to reveal new insights into human health and the intricate relations between microorganisms and their human host. It has a pivotal role in human health by contributing to various physiological processes and influencing immune system function. Microbiomes in a variety of body organs and its association with human health have been discussed. Moreover, the importance of the digestive (oral cavity, stomach, and intestine), respiratory (nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs), skin, urinary, and reproductive systems on human health has been discussed. The human microbiomes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. This chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of the human microbiome and its impact on human health. We provide an overview of the potential therapeutic applications of microbiome manipulation through probiotics and prebiotics, particularly in the context of obesity, gastrointestinal diseases, and cancer treatment.