Role of Choline, Homocysteine and Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Stroke

Stroke is a serious medical disorder that happens when the blood supply to the brain is impaired, leading to brain cell injury or death. Strokes rank as the second most prominent contributor to both mortality and disability on a global scale. Numerous clinical trials have been carried out to discover effective pharmacotherapy for stroke, as it continues to be considered a medical emergency due to the high risk of significant disability. The gold standard for treating acute ischemic stroke is the early administration of rtPA in a stroke unit. However, this approach can only be implemented in experienced and qualified centers located in developed countries. There is a pressing need for accessible therapeutic options for acute stroke. Numerous studies have delved into the intricate relationship between diet and stroke incidence. Certain micronutrients have been identified as beneficial, while others are deemed detrimental or associated with increased stroke risk. However, the findings across various observational and experimental studies have often been contradictory, yielding a complex landscape of research outcomes. In this chapter, specifically, we explore the role of choline, homocysteine and branched-chain amino acids in stroke.