Study of the Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Microgrid Applications

Battery energy storage (BES) is an essential element that enables microgrids (MGs) to function in a dependable, resilient, and economically viable manner. The sizing of the BES, which can result in the MG having superior performance, flexibility, efficacy, and efficiency compared to conventional power systems, is one of the most significant challenges in MG. Implementing a battery energy storage system (BESS) that is suitably sized and implemented not only aids in meeting peak demand but also enhances the benefits of renewable energy sources integration, refines power quality control, and reduces the expenses associated with expanding or reconfiguring distribution networks. This article provides an overview of the primary methodologies utilized in electrical networks to ascertain the most suitable dimensions, placement, and operation of Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) and Distributed Generators (DGs). Furthermore, this study also investigates the benefits of the ESS and a range of technologies.