Current Scenario and Challenges for Agricultural Sustainability

Agriculture provides essential food, fiber, and other resources needed for survival. It faces multiple challenges because of overpopulation and climate change. It is crucial to maintain agricultural sustainability for the continuous growth of civilization. The current high-input envisioned agriculture is vulnerable to land degradation, threat to land carrying capacity, and fragile for food safety and security issues. With the growing global population and degraded environments, the sustainability of agriculture has become a significant concern. The challenges include shrinking agricultural land, land degradation, decreasing factor productivity of fertilizers, environmental pollution, global warming, and climate change. Information and communication technology (ICT) and government policies can be crucial in addressing these challenges and promoting sustainable climate-smart agriculture. Through ICT, information on agriculture, viz., new and improved farming techniques, production management, market information, and related issues like subsidies and incentives, can be disseminated. Climate-smart technologies can enhance agricultural productivity and income, decrease greenhouse gas production, mitigate the effects of climate change, and thus ensure agriculture and environmental sustainability.