Nanobiochar: An Emerging Material for the Environment, Energy, and Biomedical Applications

The advancements in nanotechnology and materials science for developing a newer class of sustainable nanomaterials (NMs) offer longer term solutions in various applications. In this context, carbon-based materials (CBMs) like biochar (a carbonaceous solid) and nanobiochar (NBC)-based sustainable NMs have the potential ability for the end application. Usually, NBC-based sustainable NMs are synthesized from biochar using various chemical and physical activation processes. The metals, polymers, and surface functionalization of the NBC-based sustainable NMs easily tuned the various characteristics that aided advantages in end applications. This book chapter provides detailed knowledge of the synthesis and intrinsic character of NBC-based sustainable NMs with the benefits and shortcomings of the synthesis process. The effect of size, texture, surface area, and functional groups of the NBC-based sustainable NMs has been discussed in different applications, especially the environment, energy, and biomedical applications. This book chapter provides a new understanding of the NBC-based sustainable NMs, their applicability factors, and newer strategies to resolve various issues that might benefit society's development.