This article mainly designed and implemented an aviation maintenance management system based on Java technology. In the system, it was introduced how the website completes aviation aircraft maintenance information management through code writing. This article first elaborated on the background and significance of the topic, research status, and development trends, and then discussed and analyzed the introduction of airlines, including company overview, route plans, and the MySQL database. Finally, based on the theoretical knowledge of software engineering, the functional module structure was determined, and a detailed description was provided to explain the design process and implementation methods. At the same time, the system functions were tested. The test results showed that the response time of the system was between 2 and 4 s, and the concurrency was between 74 and 79%. The system security was between 85 and 98%, the system stability was between 80 and 89%, and the test case coverage rate was 80% or above.