Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) consists of the biochemical triad of hyperglycaemia, ketonaemia, and high anion gap metabolic acidosis. It is one of the most common, costly, and dangerous acute complications in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The most common risk factors for DKA are poor compliance or intercurrent illness. Effective DKA management necessitates meticulous attention to fluid and electrolyte balance, correcting the hyperglycaemia with insulin therapy and identifying and treating precipitating factors. Regardless of its origins, DKA can be avoided, and its complications can be mitigated with proper education, prompt treatment, and avoidance of precipitating situations.