Endogenous Peptides Involved in Plant Growth and Development

Many aspects of a plant’s growth, development, and response to external stimuli are regulated by plant peptides. This chapter provides an overview of a number of important plant peptide families, such as CEP (C-terminally encoded peptides), IDA (inflorescence deficient in abscission), and CIF (casparian strip integrity factor). PAMP-induced secreted peptides or PIPs PSY PEP peptides are involved in the defensive response of plants, including PSY1-plant (peptide containing sulfated tyrosine 1), PSKs (phytosulfokine receptor 1), RGF/GLV/CLEL (root growth factor, golven, Cle-Like), and others. PEP peptides also promote the manufacturing of antimicrobial chemicals and enhance resistance to diseases. Plant immune response peptides are produced by PAMPS (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) and are crucial for controlling nutrient uptake and root development. Peptide hormones have a role in several root development processes in plants, including cell division, the formation of lateral roots, the production of root hair, and the maintenance of the root meristem, etc. Despite a growing number of research on the role of signal peptides in plant root development, the specific functions of many of these peptides are still unclear though this study may help to understand the role of plant peptide and their function for develop understanding and future research. Additionally, this work may contribute to understanding of the function and relevance of plant peptides in future research and development.