Creatine and TBI

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health issue due to its pathophysiological aftermath that results in long-term cognitive and psychological impairments. Nutritional or dietary interventions have emerged as a vital measure to combat neuropathology and recovery of TBI. An example of this dietary intervention is creatine supplementation. This chapter explores TBI pathophysiology while delving into the multifaceted mechanism through which creatine ameliorates TBI-mediated neurological deficits in a translational approach which bridges the gap between experimental animal research and clinical application. The biochemistry of creatine synthesis, its roles in neuroprotection, and the mechanisms underlying its cellular energy (ATP) restoration, reduction of oxidative stress-mediated brain damage, and maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis were discussed. We also reviewed preclinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of creatine in animal models of TBI as the foundation for its potential therapeutic benefits which led us to delve into clinical trials that assess the impact of creatine supplementation on TBI in humans, focusing on cognitive function and physical recovery to validate creatine’s efficacy and safety in TBI patients. Translation neuroscience report on creatine and TBI helps demonstrate the integration of bench research with bedside practice directed to provide a detailed understanding of creatine’s role in TBI recovery and patient outcomes.