Biomass Resources and Potential for Its Applications in Energy and Platform Chemicals with 3G Biorefinery Approaches

Most of the industrially produced energy materials and chemicals are derived from fossil fuel-based resources, which attribute adverse environmental impacts. Biomass resources have been identified as an alternative to shrink the reliance on fossil fuels. Also, sensible food/feed supplies, ecological alarms, climate discrepancy, and geopolitical concerns endorse to explore of 3G feedstocks in renewable energies and platform chemicals. This chapter provides an insight for the potential and sustainable transformation of abundant renewable resources to produce wide-ranging biofuels, platform chemicals, and high-value materials in 3G biorefinery. Algal feedstocks are the key component of the 3G biorefinery that strengthens the bio-renewables industry. It has perceived considerable success in research laboratories, leading to advanced technical progresses in microalgal biomass transformation. Thus, this chapter signifies a conceivable picture of microalgal-based 3G biorefinery and future research directions to explore biomass resources in biofuels and platform chemicals in sustainability aspects via multidisciplinary technology routes.