Environment and Health Implications of Mine and Metallurgy Waste-Based AAMs

Mine and metallurgy wastes often contain hazardous substances and pose significant environment and public health risks when improperly managed. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) provide an eco-friendly solution for the utilization of mine and metallurgical wastes, but underscores the importance of thorough testing and regulation to ensure environment and public health safety. This chapter explores the chemical and physical processes involved in tailings management, including the risks associated with heavy metal contamination. A comprehensive risk assessment framework that includes hazard identification, exposure assessment, and risk characterization is advocated. This framework aims to bridge the gap between laboratory research and practical application by considering the environmental, health, and social impacts of tailings recycling. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, industry, and policymakers is necessary to advance the safe and sustainable use of mine and metallurgy wastes-based AAMs in construction.