Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Through Various Strategies

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are nano-sized particles made of carbon with distinct optical, electronic, and chemical features. These particles can be produced using a range of environmentally friendly techniques, including the hydrothermal process, microwave-assistance, electrochemical methods, laser ablation, and the use of green precursors, solar energy, plant-based extracts, biomass, eco-friendly ligands, and solvents. These sustainable approaches minimize environmental harm while often resulting in CQDs with superior qualities for a wide range of uses. Their unique properties make them highly valuable in diverse sectors, including biomedical imaging, drug delivery systems, sensing technologies, photocatalytic processes, light-emitting devices, energy storage solutions, solar energy conversion, catalysis, optical labelling, and environmental surveillance. Ongoing research efforts are dedicated to finding more eco-conscious ways to manufacture CQDs.