Integrity Monitoring for GNSS Precision Positioning

Integrity monitoring, originated from civil aviation and extending to various applications, is drawing increasing attentions in the navigation field, as the intelligent automation era approaches. With the improvement of GNSS infrastructures and the growing demands for precise positions, high-precision positioning technologies such as Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Real-Time Kinematic (RTK), and PPP-RTK have been well developed. Meanwhile, the integrity monitoring upon these high-precision GNSS positioning technologies is under developing. In this chapter, the demand for integrity monitoring in high-precision positioning is analyzed. The developments of integrity monitoring in civil aviation applications, and the key issues for high-precision GNSS positioning are briefly overviewed. Specifically, challenges on the Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) and Protection Level (PL) calculation procedures for high-precision positioning are comprehensively discussed. Furthermore, two preliminary studies that aim to extend the integrity monitoring algorithms to a generalized GNSS positioning procedure are presented. This chapter gives a whole picture of the GNSS integrity monitoring algorithms, and is expected to serve as a catalyst for further study on the integrity monitoring for GNSS high-precision positioning.