Beyond Pen and Paper: Understanding the Landscape of Digital Assessment in Stem Higher Education

The landscape of assessment in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) higher education is undergoing a transformative shift as traditional pen-and-paper methods increasingly give way to digital tools. The present systematic literature review (SLR) delves into this dynamic domain, analyzing research published between 2019 and 2023 to map the current state of digital assessment adoption, its impact on student learning, and the persistent challenges that must be addressed. Drawing upon a curated selection of seven peer-reviewed articles guided by the PRISMA framework from databases like Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), the study reveals a growing embrace of digital assessment tools like multiple data sets, ELARS, computer-mediated assessment, Vektor AR3-APP, and the OPERHOT platform. Innovations bring benefits, such as enhanced student engagement, feedback mechanisms, and insights into learning processes. However, this digital transformation is not without its challenges. Concerns over limited faculty training, uneven technological access across institutions and student populations, and potential threats to academic integrity and data security demand immediate attention. Robust faculty development programs, equitable technology distribution initiatives, and the development of innovative security solutions are crucial for safeguarding the benefits of digital assessment while mitigating its drawbacks. Moving beyond the current landscape, the review also explores the boundless potential of emerging technologies like AI-powered assessments and personalized learning analytics to revolutionize student learning and assessment practices in STEM disciplines. By shedding light on the current landscape, impact, and challenges, this SLR lays the groundwork for a future where digital assessment thrives in STEM higher education, empowering educators and unlocking students’ full potential. By proactively addressing the identified challenges and embracing the power of new technologies, this transformation can be nurtured, creating a vibrant and equitable learning environment for generations to come.