Metal mining, processing, and utilization have become an essential part of human civilization and industries. However, in due course of the processing and utilization, metals are known to cause significant damage to the environment and human health. The ability to disrupt biological systems comes from their persistent nature and ability to accumulate in cells, leading to chronic toxicity. For proper management of these metals, it is important to have analytical tools that provide quantitative data on the concentration of these metals. Conventional technologies such as atomic spectroscopy suffer from disadvantages such as high cost, high energy requirement, complex sample processing, and technical skill for their operation. These limitations can be overcome by a modern emerging branch of analytical tools, the biosensors. This study focuses on various kinds of electrochemical biosensors that can be utilized for quantitative assessment of different metals and heavy metals, which are important aspects of water quality assessment and monitoring for compliance with the legal frameworks and recommended values by health organizations.