System Engineering Approach for Design and Development of a Surveillance UAV for Aerial and Underwater Operations

This paper presents a system engineering approach for the design and development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capable of performing surveillance operations in both air and underwater environments. The study covers the design steps, challenges, and solutions involved in the systematic development of UAVs for aerial and underwater missions, including simulation, mission planning, quality test control, and quality assurance. The research aims to explore the opportunities in the limited field of amphibious UAVs and to discuss the system engineering strategy for each event in the design, prototype, and maintenance of UAVs. UAVs have numerous applications in military systems, delivery services, emergency relief, and evacuation, particularly in the area of surveillance, including land and water bodies. However, there is limited research and development in the field of amphibious UAVs, which presents an opportunity for exploration. The study highlights the challenges associated with implementing this technology, such as the variation in parameters like drag, density, and other forces associated with water, which must be considered when designing UAVs for underwater surveillance. The paper discusses the benefits of using UAV technology in various disciplines and businesses, such as photography, distribution, agriculture, and surveillance. Rapid advancements in design and flying technologies, including faster control signals, smaller motors, and light processors, have significantly contributed to the evolution of UAV technology in recent decades. The research aims to provide answers to questions related to the implementation and analysis of the system engineering approach in UAV operation in air and underwater environments. The objectives of the study include implementing system engineering for UAVs, discussing status problems and solutions in designing UAVs, deriving a systematic approach to schedule each event in UAV development, studying the system engineering approach to select system requirements of subsystems and all components of UAVs, and maintaining the UAV throughout its life cycle, including operation and evaluations. Overall, this paper emphasizes the importance of a system engineering approach in the design and development of UAVs for aerial and underwater surveillance operations, with a focus on addressing the challenges and exploring opportunities in the field of amphibious UAVs (Muller G (2013) systems engineering analysis ways, vol 16, pp 1092–110 10.1016/j.procs.2013.0115; Cameron et al (12 Jul 2019) Education in method systems engineering: why it matters over ever and the way it will be structure, vol 126, pp 102–11; Krata et al (2012) Ship’s ballast tanks size and dimensions review for the purpose of model research into the liquid sloshing phenomenon. Sci J Marit Univ Szczec 29(101):88–94).