Enhanced Passive Cell Balancing for Fast Charging of Electric Mobility

Cleaner alternatives to traditional automobiles include electric vehicles (EVs). The brains of EV battery packs are the battery management system (BMS). Cell balancing, which equalizes the voltages of the battery cells while they are being charged, is one of BMS's primary duties. The majority of modern EVs uses a passive cell balancing method that uses fixed dissipative resistors to drain the surplus charge from the overcharged cell and balance the charge across all of the cells. The balancing time of the passive balancer is one of the primary issues. If the EVs are charged using a regular charging system and there is little cell imbalance, the lengthy balancing time is manageable. Passive balancing with a fixed resistor is not the best option in situations involving quick DC charging or maximal imbalance. Depending on the required balancing current under slow or fast charging circumstances, passive cell balancing with a variable balancing resistor is employed for either fresh or aged cells. Using MATLAB Simulink, the results of the passive system with variable resistors are compared.