Subsurface Flow Characteristics in and Around Kokrajhar, Assam

Clean and drinkable water is the utmost requirement for human fraternity. Due to increasing threat of groundwater pollution, regular checking (in interval period of time) must have to be done in order to maintain the correct parameters of the water. In this study, authors have tried to investigate the probable reasons for groundwater pollution and its approximate effects to human kind in the region. Two villages, namely, Banglabari Bagicha and Baldiabathan, are located near Kokrajhar town, Assam has been taken for our experiment purposes based on different set impurity parameters. A total of 40 samples have been collected and tested accordingly. Results are found to prove that the groundwater of the area is not at all in good state to consume. Though maximum parameters are within the permissible limits except for Iron and arsenic content, ArcGIS has been used for further analysis like heat map of the region. As a result, the groundwater quality of the area can be examined easily and the level of contamination of the impurity can also be understood by intensity of the colour used in the heat map. Due to the use of harmful chemicals and pesticides, the arsenic content in the groundwater increases in tea estate, i.e. Banglabari Bagicha. Excessive discharge from bore wells has led to increased groundwater contamination, especially from industrial and hospital areas due to external intrusions. Those contaminants like arsenic can also spread across the nearby villages or Kokrajhar town in few years via subsurface flows and others due to rapid urbanization in the region.