The rising burden on freshwater resources and increasing requirements for clean water demand a greater attention for wastewater management in moving towards safe and green environment. A substantial shift in wastewater management can help to address the dual purpose by minimizing the risk of freshwater contamination and to augment the water supply scenario for non-potable application upholding the concept of circular economy. This book highlights the applications of low-cost ceramic membranes in wastewater treatment with the examples of industry-specific case studies. The emerging issues on membrane-based processes for wastewater treatment have been discussed while projecting a glimpse on the future scope of work in this direction. In this chapter, current strategies on wastewater utilization and membrane technologies in wastewater treatment have been covered briefly  highlighting  the potential of membrane bioreactors (MBR) including the details of membrane fouling aspects.