In recent years, heterogeneous wireless networks have been established to maximize data rates through the use of several protocols and application optimization algorithms for effective data gathering and routing. To improve wireless network power consumption, researchers developed the low power adaptive agglomeration hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, which enables effective data collecting via efficient routing. For heterogeneous networks, we suggest the Quadrature-LEACH (Q-LEACH) protocol in order to increase throughput and routing effectiveness while preserving the best possible network lifespan characteristics. For real-time applications, heterogeneous networks like Wi-Max, Wi-Fi, and LTE are strong, dependable, and efficient, enabling packets to be transferred across the network with little latency. To enhance data sharing and efficient routing efficiency in heterogeneous networks, we adopt the enhanced fractional Darwinian particle swarm optimization (EFOFDPSO) optimization technique. The radio connection quality stability and radio routing pathways’ bandwidth utilization form the basis of the optimization algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that effective network routing may reduce data transfer time while preserving low latency and good connection quality.