Thermal Behavior Prediction of Li-Ion Batteries – A Study with Different Electrochemical Models

This study delves into the increasing need for Li-ion battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) due to the growing popularity of electric vehicles. The focus is to understand how batteries respond to temperature changes. Three numerical cell models viz NTGK, ECM, and P2D—are employed to compare maximum temperature of the battery. The study uses a pouch type battery cell with a specific cathode material (LMO), varying discharge rates, and heat transfer coefficients to simulate different scenarios. The main goal is to identify the numerical method which can satisfactorily predict the cell thermal behavior, with a key parameter being the maximum temperature of the cell ( \({T}_{max}).\) Results indicate that, under constant ambient temperature conditions (303K), the ECM model tends to overpredict thermal behavior, while the NTGK and P2D models align well with existing studies. This research lays the groundwork for improving Cell Thermal Management Systems. This advancement contributes significantly to the ongoing development of electric vehicle technology, ensuring better control and optimization of cell temperatures for enhanced performance and safety.