Multigenerational Genetic Effect of Fetal-Originated Disease

Fetal diseases instigated by adverse environmental exposures during gestation are extensively documented. However, a comprehensive understanding of their multigenerational genetic impacts and underlying mechanisms is yet to be fully achieved. In this chapter, we critically examine the phenomenon of tissue and organ dysplasia—encompassing the liver, gonads, hippocampus, and bones—attributable to detrimental prenatal environments. We delve into the intricacies of epigenetic programming as a pivotal mechanism behind these effects. Additionally, we elucidate the role of germ cells, both oocytes and sperm, in the transference of these multigenerational genetic effects. This review aims to enrich our understanding of the long-term consequences of fetal-origin diseases and to inspire innovative approaches for early prevention and treatment strategies.