Roadmap: From Carbon to Graphene Quantum Dots

Graphene and its derivatives have gained significance as materials due to their distinct characteristics. In particular, it is thought that GO and rGO are useful, affordable, and readily obtainable graphene derivatives. The rGO gained attention because it shares characteristics with pristine graphene. The GO was initially discovered to be a useful intermediate material for the synthesis of graphene; it has since found use in a wide range of applications. GO is produced by oxidizing and exfoliating graphite layers. Its carbon basal plane and edges have a significant number of compounds containing oxygen, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and epoxy groups. By chemically or thermally reducing GO, which results in a large reduction in the quantity of oxygen-containing groups, rGO is produced. In this chapter, we have narrated various carbonaceous materials and their significant properties.