Influence of Graphene Quantum Dots as Nano- and Bionano-Sensors

GQDs have drawn attention in the nanosensor domain owing to their detection limit, sensitivity, and selectivity outstanding biocompatibility, strong chemical inertness, high current density, rapid electron mobility, excellent water solubility, strong photochemical stability, and minimum cytotoxicity. Additionally, GQDs are highly suited for developing efficient bioanalytical sensors as well because of their high electron transfer and straightforward biomolecule-immobilization characteristics. This chapter aims to clarify how GQDs might be used in different optical, electrochemical, fluorescence chemosensors, and biosensor applications for the detection of drug molecules, metal ions, inorganic ions, amino acids, proteins, saccharides, and small molecules.