In-silico Investigations on Exploring Various Aspects of Biorefinery: A Futuristic Paradigm Through Microbiological Perspectives

Natural resources have always been regarded as crucial for human survival and essential for our daily activities. Microorganisms, plant derivatives, and various biomass sources are essential elements in the biorefinery process. Advanced in-silico computational models are paving the way for futuristic approaches to optimize the biorefinery process and its applications. Biorefining entails the conversion of biomass from diverse sources, including microbes and plant derivatives. Microalgae, with spirulina being a noteworthy example, play a crucial role in biorefineries, offering significant amounts of proteins, iron, vitamins, and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as valuable secondary metabolites like carotenoids and phytocyanins. Furthermore, the utilization of agro-industrial residues, such as maize cob waste (MCW) and orange peel waste (OPW), adds to the diversity of biomass sources. In the biorefinery process, various micro-organisms contribute, including bacteria like lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and extremophiles, as well as fungi like zygomycetes and ascomycetes. Moreover, glucose-derived compounds such as cellulose play a crucial role in this process. This versatile strategy shows significant potential for advancing the field of biorefinery in the future.