Modeling and Simulation of 3-D Printed Concrete Layers and Validation Using Gantry Robotic Printer

Three-dimensional printing technology has shown potential in revolutionizing the construction industry, allowing for precise and efficient creation of concrete structures. However, challenges related to process implementation and material parameters need to be addressed. The present study on 3-D printed concrete layers aims to assess their performance and behavior through numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Finite element analyses (FEAs) were employed to provide effective material modeling, contact modeling, deformation behavior of the printed structures. Nonlinear material models using concrete damage plasticity and layer interface contact model were used to represent the behavior of the printed concrete layer accurately. Experimental trials were conducted using in-house developed gantry robotic printer to print square and circular shapes for validating the simulations. Close correlations were observed between simulated and experimental results, though differences in results can be further fine-tuned by precise contact modeling and material testing. Overall, this research provides information on laboratory concrete printer, simulation, and printing of layer-wise concrete structures, contributing to advancements in additive construction technology.