Emission Assessment from the Energy Sector of Tumuyon Khullen Village of Manipur, India

Stabilizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the energy sector is crucial for global sustainability. The authors attempted an in-depth analysis and quantification of GHG emissions to explore the potential for reducing emissions from the energy sector of Tumuyon Khullen village in Northeastern India. The authors adopted the Tier-I approach of IPCC guidelines for National GHG Inventories to quantify GHG emissions. The total annual GHG emissions from the energy sector were estimated to be 1307.4 tCO2e, approximately 0.8 tCO2e per capita in the study area. Residential energy use was found as the most significant contributor, accounting for nearly 75.5% of total emissions from the energy sector, followed by road transportation (20.5%), agricultural and forestry activities (2.4%), and institutional and commercial activities (1.6%). Among the sources of energy, firewood combustion was found to have the largest share in GHG emission (37.4%), followed by electricity (17.1%), diesel (15.8%), charcoal (11.8%), LPG (10.8%), and petrol (7.1%). The research findings underscore that residential energy use can lead to significant GHG emissions, primarily when encompassing traditional energy sources like firewood. This serves as an example of the challenges and opportunities faced by numerous rural communities across India. Transitioning the rural community toward cleaner and more efficient energy sources for domestic usage would significantly reduce GHG emissions from the energy sector. The findings from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of GHG emissions in rural contexts and could help tailor strategies to similar villages, emphasizing the need for localized solutions in India’s broader environmental commitments.