Deep Learning in Biomedical Applications of Raman Spectroscopy

Chronic diseases, non-communicable diseases, age-related diseases, the burden of diseases, and pandemics are never-ending problems that humans have been going through since our evolution. The biomedical field is continuously upgrading and making required changes that can decrease the incidence and mortality rate associated with such diseases. One persistent problem still needs to overcome which is the diagnosis of these diseases at its early stages such as at the cellular or molecular level. Efforts in terms of cellular biology such as DNA sequencing, and chromosome testing have been made over the years to understand and resolve the problem but still, we are facing the problem with an exponential increase in the number of these kinds of diseases. An appropriate and concrete revolution is a need of time. Vibrational spectroscopy with recent technological advancements proven a favorable disease diagnostic tool by researchers and practitioners in recent years. Raman spectroscopy, a vibrational spectroscopic tool is a label-free, reliably non-invasive, rapid, easy-to-use, efficient, and sensitive to biomolecular changes in the human body. This book chapter is a dedicated explanation of the Raman spectroscopic applications assisted by Artificial Intelligence methods which proved a never seen before advancement in disease diagnosis applications. We comprehensively studied all the variants of Raman spectroscopy such as Spontaneous, Surface Enhanced, Coherent Anti-Stokes, and Stimulated forms used in recent years, and their valuable contribution as compared to the standard medical tools. This chapter is intended for readers who want to learn about the deep-learning field of Artificial Intelligence and how it is contributing to the disease diagnosis process with the help of Raman spectroscopy. Through our efforts, we hope that we can trigger the right ruminating spots of the readers which by the end of this chapter can attempt to use and contribute to making the clinical transition of Raman spectroscopy a reality. Finally, we bid to make a revolution in the biomedical field by introducing Raman spectroscopy which can help to lessen the load of diseases to a great extent and make human life worth living as wholesome.