Carbon Nanotube Applications in the Bioremediation of Heavy Metals and Dyes from Wastewater

Heavy metals and dyes have become one of the major environmental concerns because of their intractable and obstinate nature and thrilling level of toxicity on living beings. Therefore, it is of high importance to remove both heavy metals and dyes from the environment to reduce their toxic effects. Among many existing techniques of pollutant remediation from aqueous solution, adsorption is one of the most simple, effective, and efficient one used by number of researchers. Recently, carbon nanotubes-based adsorbents gained too much attention in metal ions and dyes remediation process due to their unique properties in the form of large surface area, cylindrical hollow structure, hydrophobic wall, high aspect ratios, more adsorbate binding sites, and easily modified surfaces. This paper critically reviewed the application of unmodified and modified CNTs in removal of both heavy metals and dyes from water and wastewater.