In order to understand the optimization system of hydraulic power generation system based on particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimization technique of hydraulic power generation system based on particle swarm algorithm has been proposed. The author first analyzes the principle of a piezoelectric power generation system. The advantages of flexible secondary energy conversion in hydraulic systems have made hydraulic power generation technology a hot topic in the current field of new energy power generation. However, the dynamic and pulsating characteristics of hydraulic systems have an important impact on the working performance, accuracy, and stability of the entire power generation system. Second, a dynamic simulation model of the hydraulic system based on AMESim was developed using the hydraulic power generation system as the research object. System pressure pulsation was systematically examined in relation to pump speed, system pressure, and pipeline length, as well as the suppression effect of a dual pump parallel connection on pressure pulsation. The simulation results show that an increase in pump speed and system pressure will exacerbate system pressure pulsation. When the pump speed increases by 10 r/min, the average pressure pulsation rate increases by over 5.17%; When the load pressure increases by 2.5 MPa, the average pressure pulsation rate increases by more than 5.89%; AMESim simulation provides a more accurate and efficient method for comprehensively studying the pulsation characteristics and optimization of hydraulic systems.